Raquel Gardner, MD

Assistant Adjunct Professor

As a board-certified neurologist, Dr. Gardner evaluates and treats patients with various neurological disorders and provides them with follow-up care. As a fellowship-trained behavioral neurologist, Dr. Gardner has specific expertise in the evaluation and management of patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as dementia and mild cognitive impairment.

Her research program focuses on understanding the epidemiology and mechanisms of long-term sequelae of traumatic brain injury in older adults with the goal of improving outcomes in this vulnerable population. Her work is supported by the National Institutes of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the Department of Defense, the American Federation for Aging Research, the Weill Institute for Neurosciences, and the UCSF Research Allocation Program.

Publications: 

Tau PET and multimodal brain imaging in patients at risk for chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

NeuroImage. Clinical

Lesman-Segev OH, La Joie R, Stephens ML, Sonni I, Tsai R, Bourakova V, Visani AV, Edwards L, O'Neil JP, Baker SL, Gardner RC, Janabi M, Chaudhary K, Perry DC, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Jagust WJ, Rabinovici GD

Neuropathological correlates of structural and functional imaging biomarkers in 4-repeat tauopathies.

Brain : a journal of neurology

Spina S, Brown JA, Deng J, Gardner RC, Nana AL, Hwang JL, Gaus SE, Huang EJ, Kramer JH, Rosen HJ, Kornak J, Neuhaus J, Miller BL, Grinberg LT, Boxer AL, Seeley WW

Divergent 6-Month Functional Recovery Trajectories and Predictors after Traumatic Brain Injury: Novel Insights from the COBRIT Study.

Journal of neurotrauma

Gardner RC, Cheng J, Ferguson AR, Boylan R, Boscardin WJ, Zafonte RD, Manley GT, Bagiella E, Ansel BM, Novack TA, Friedewald WT, Hesdorffer DC, Timmons S, Jallo J, Eisenberg H, Hart T, Ricker JH, Diaz-Arrastia R, Merchant R, Temkin NR, Melton S, Dikmen S, Okonkwo DO

Age and sex-mediated differences in six-month outcomes after mild traumatic brain injury in young adults: a TRACK-TBI study.

Neurological research

Yue JK, Levin HS, Suen CG, Morrissey MR, Runyon SJ, Winkler EA, Puffer RC, Deng H, Robinson CK, Rick JW, Phelps RRL, Sharma S, Taylor SR, Vassar MJ, Cnossen MC, Lingsma HF, Gardner RC, Temkin NR, Barber J, Dikmen SS, Yuh EL, Mukherjee P, Stein MB, Cage TA, Valadka AB, Okonkwo DO, Manley GT

Pre-injury Comorbidities Are Associated With Functional Impairment and Post-concussive Symptoms at 3- and 6-Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Frontiers in neurology

Yue JK, Cnossen MC, Winkler EA, Deng H, Phelps RRL, Coss NA, Sharma S, Robinson CK, Suen CG, Vassar MJ, Schnyer DM, Puccio AM, Gardner RC, Yuh EL, Mukherjee P, Valadka AB, Okonkwo DO, Lingsma HF, Manley GT

Traumatic brain injury in older adults: do we need a different approach?

Concussion (London, England)

Peters ME, Gardner RC

Association of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury With and Without Loss of Consciousness With Dementia in US Military Veterans.

JAMA neurology

Barnes DE, Byers AL, Gardner RC, Seal KH, Boscardin WJ, Yaffe K

Age-Related Differences in Diagnostic Accuracy of Plasma GFAP and Tau For Identifying Acute Intracranial Trauma on CT: A TRACK-TBI Study.

Journal of neurotrauma

Gardner RC, Rubenstein R, Wang KKW, Korley FK, Yue JK, Yuh EL, Mukherjee P, Valadka A, Okonkwo DO, Diaz-Arrastia R, Manley G

Concordance of common data elements for assessment of subjective cognitive complaints after mild-traumatic brain injury: a TRACK-TBI Pilot Study.

Brain injury

Ngwenya LB, Gardner RC, Yue JK, Burke JF, Ferguson AR, Huang MC, Winkler EA, Pirracchio R, Satris GG, Yuh EL, Mukherjee P, Valadka AB, Okonkwo DO, Manley GT

Mild TBI and risk of Parkinson disease: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study.

Neurology

Gardner RC, Byers AL, Barnes DE, Li Y, Boscardin J, Yaffe K

Geriatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Epidemiology, Outcomes, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Directions.

Journal of neurotrauma

Gardner RC, Dams-O'Connor K, Morrissey MR, Manley GT

Preinjury employment status as a risk factor for symptomatology and disability in mild traumatic brain injury: A TRACK-TBI analysis.

NeuroRehabilitation

Yue JK, Rick JW, Morrissey MR, Taylor SR, Deng H, Suen CG, Vassar MJ, Cnossen MC, Lingsma HF, Yuh EL, Mukherjee P, Gardner RC, Valadka AB, Okonkwo DO, Cage TA, Manley GT

Remote Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated with Motor Dysfunction in Older Military Veterans.

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

Gardner RC, Peltz CB, Kenney K, Covinsky KE, Diaz-Arrastia R, Yaffe K

The Traumatic Brain Injury Endpoints Development (TED) Initiative: Progress on a Public-Private Regulatory Collaboration to Accelerate Diagnosis and Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal of neurotrauma

Manley GT, MacDonald CL, Markowitz A, Stephenson D, Robbins A, Gardner RC, Winkler EA, Bodien Y, Taylor S, Yue JK, Kannan L, Kumar A, McCrea M, Wang KKW

Neurobehavioral Characteristics of Older Veterans With Remote Traumatic Brain Injury.

The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation

Peltz CB, Gardner RC, Kenney K, Diaz-Arrastia R, Kramer JH, Yaffe K

Timing and significance of pathological features in C9orf72 expansion-associated frontotemporal dementia.

Brain : a journal of neurology

Vatsavayai SC, Yoon SJ, Gardner RC, Gendron TF, Vargas JN, Trujillo A, Pribadi M, Phillips JJ, Gaus SE, Hixson JD, Garcia PA, Rabinovici GD, Coppola G, Geschwind DH, Petrucelli L, Miller BL, Seeley WW

COMT Val 158 Met polymorphism is associated with nonverbal cognition following mild traumatic brain injury.

Neurogenetics

Winkler EA, Yue JK, McAllister TW, Temkin NR, Oh SS, Burchard EG, Hu D, Ferguson AR, Lingsma HF, Burke JF, Sorani MD, Rosand J, Yuh EL, Barber J, Tarapore PE, Gardner RC, Sharma S, Satris GG, Eng C, Puccio AM, Wang KK, Mukherjee P, Valadka AB, Okonkwo DO, Diaz-Arrastia R, Manley GT

Evaluating and treating neurobehavioral symptoms in professional American football players: Lessons from a case series.

Neurology. Clinical practice

Gardner RC, Possin KL, Hess CP, Huang EJ, Grinberg LT, Nolan AL, Cohn-Sheehy BI, Ghosh PM, Lanata S, Merrilees J, Kramer JH, Berger MS, Miller BL, Yaffe K, Rabinovici GD

Cavum Septum Pellucidum in Retired American Pro-Football Players.

Journal of neurotrauma

Gardner RC, Hess CP, Brus-Ramer M, Possin KL, Cohn-Sheehy BI, Kramer JH, Berger MS, Yaffe K, Miller B, Rabinovici GD

Traumatic brain injury in later life increases risk for Parkinson disease.

Annals of neurology

Gardner RC, Burke JF, Nettiksimmons J, Goldman S, Tanner CM, Yaffe K

Epidemiology of mild traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative disease.

Molecular and cellular neurosciences

Gardner RC, Yaffe K

Dementia risk after traumatic brain injury vs nonbrain trauma: the role of age and severity.

JAMA neurology

Gardner RC, Burke JF, Nettiksimmons J, Kaup A, Barnes DE, Yaffe K

Dementia in the oldest old: a multi-factorial and growing public health issue.

Alzheimer's research & therapy

Gardner RC, Valcour V, Yaffe K

Intrinsic connectivity network disruption in progressive supranuclear palsy.

Annals of neurology

Gardner RC, Boxer AL, Trujillo A, Mirsky JB, Guo CC, Gennatas ED, Heuer HW, Fine E, Zhou J, Kramer JH, Miller BL, Seeley WW

Development of a brief ataxia rating scale (BARS) based on a modified form of the ICARS.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

Schmahmann JD, Gardner R, MacMore J, Vangel MG

Transient exacerbation of ataxia with smoking: a prevalence survey.

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

Gardner RC, Alcalay RN, Schmahmann JD

Ataxia and cerebellar atrophy--a novel manifestation of neuro-Behçet disease?

Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society

Gardner RC, Schmahmann JD